InternalThe focused X-ray flashes of the European XFEL can create states of matter under extremely high pressures and temperatures. This will help to develop new astrophysical models for planets or push ahead with fusion research for future energy generation here on Earth.
Relatively little is known in physics about matter in extreme states – e.g. at a pressure of a billion atmospheres and temperatures of some 10 000 degrees Celsius. Current theoretical models become invalid in such conditions and cannot be used any more. These states are not just pure theory, however: such high pressures and temperatures occur in the interior of large planets like Jupiter, or during the ignition of so-called inertial confinement fusion using laser light.
The theoretical description of these states is extremely difficult, especially since there is only very little experimental data. The European XFEL offers unique opportunities to both create and study matter in extreme states. Very different scientific fields – such as planetary science or the development of new technologies for energy generation – will benefit from these new experiments.
